Among all growth promoting products, biofertilisers, which are sustainable in organic farming we find biostimulants.
Plant biostimulants can be defined as substances and materials, with the exception of nutrients and pesticides, which, when applied to plants, seeds or growing media in specific formulations, have the ability to modify physiological processes in plants in a way that provides potential benefits for growth, development and/or stress response.
Biostimulants are organic products composed of peptides, amino acids, oligosaccharides, peptides, humic acids, phytohormones, etc. for immediate uptake and availability within the plant. Their absorption does not depend on photosynthetic activity, as they are absorbed directly by the plant, which results in lower energy consumption. The categories of biostimulants also include a combination of molecules, which have an effect on the physiological response of the plant.
The aim of these products is not to supply nutrition, but to promote and stimulate the plant’s metabolism, to reduce plant stress, etc. They are also claimed to improve crop growth and yield through a variety of mechanisms including activation of soil microbial activity and promotion or enhancement of soil enzyme activity.
Biostimulants, even those containing minerals, are not able to supply all essential nutrients in the quantities required by plants, but they can improve root growth of stressed plants, possibly by enhancing the antioxidant defence system. In addition to adequate mineral fertilisation, biostimulants can improve the efficiency of fertilisers as well as the utilisation of soil nutrients.
In short, biostimulants are natural, environmentally friendly substances capable of promoting vegetative growth, mineral nutrient uptake, plant adaptation to different soil and climatic conditions and tolerance to abiotic stress.
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